Loss of gums: causes, consequences and treatments

Oral health is fundamental to our overall wellbeing, and gums play a crucial role in this. However, gum loss is a common problem that affects many people around the world.

1. Causes of gum loss
2. Consequences of gum loss
3. Treatments for gum loss

In the following article, we will explore the causes of gum loss, the consequences it can have and the treatments available to address this problem.

Main causes of gum loss:

Gum loss can result from a number of factors, including:

1. Periodontal ageing: daily there are changes at the anatomical and physiological level, of the entire human body, these also directly affect the mouth.
2. Periodontal disease: Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and supporting tissues of the teeth. If these bacteria are not treated properly, it can lead to gum loss and, in severe cases, tooth loss.
3. Incorrect toothbrushing: Rough, harsh or incorrect toothbrushing can damage the gums, causing them to gradually recede.
4. Genetic factors: Some people are genetically more prone to gum loss due to the biotype of their oral tissues.
5. Bad habits: Smoking or vaping, excessive alcohol consumption and poor diet can increase the risk of gum loss.
6. Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy or menopause may contribute to gum loss in some women.
7. Systemic pathologies, diseases such as diabetes, cancer, directly affect a more rapid deterioration of the periodontium.

Consequences of gum loss:

Loss of gums not only affects the aesthetic appearance of the smile, but can also have more serious consequences, such as:

1. Tooth sensitivity: As gums recede, the root of the tooth is exposed, which can lead to sensitivity to cold, heat or sweet foods.
2. Inflammation and bleeding: Receding gums are more likely to swell and bleed during brushing or flossing.
3. Tooth mobility: Loss of gums weakens the support of the teeth, which can cause them to become mobile and eventually be lost.
4. Chewing problems: When gums recede, bone structure can be affected, making it difficult to chew food properly.

Treatments to prevent further tooth loss:

1. Periodontal scaling and planing: In cases of periodontal disease, initial treatment usually involves removing subgingival plaque and tartar build-up by professional curettage.
2. Soft tissue grafting: To correct (cosmetic) gum loss, soft tissue grafting can be performed using tissue from the patient’s own or donor sources. This helps to cover exposed areas and restore gingival health.
3. Bone regeneration surgery: In severe cases of bone loss, bone regeneration surgery may be necessary to strengthen supporting tissues and promote new bone growth.
4. Dental implants: If teeth have been lost due to gum loss, dental implants are a durable and effective option to replace missing teeth and restore oral function and aesthetics.

Gum loss is a common oral problem that can have serious consequences if not treated properly. It is important to maintain good oral hygiene, visit your dentist regularly and address any oral health issues in a timely manner. If you are experiencing gum loss, don’t hesitate to consult a dental professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. Remember that taking care of your gums is essential to maintaining a healthy, radiant smile.